What is Email client?
An email client, often simply referred to as an "email program" or "email software," is a computer program or application that enables users to send, receive, organize, and manage email messages. Essentially, it provides an interface for users to interact with their email accounts hosted on email servers.
Identifying Email Clients
1. Review Installed Programs: Start by examining the system's installed programs. The Windows registry can be a treasure trove, even revealing references to previously uninstalled email clients.
2. Internet Search:For unfamiliar email clients, a simple internet search can shed light on their file types and archive structures.
Storing Email Data
1. Flat-Text Archives:Many email clients use flat-text archives, making keyword searches at the bit-level a fruitful endeavor, whether the data is in allocated or unallocated disk space.
2. Exported Email Files:Don't overlook exported emails, like Thunderbird's .EML files, which might contain crucial information.
Common Email Clients to Consider
The Bat!
Poco
Pegasus
FoxMail
IncrediMail
AOL
Features of Modern Email Clients
1. Comprehensive Data Storage: Modern email clients often store emails, calendar entries, contacts, and tasks within a unified archive.
2. Integration with Productivity Tools: Enhanced with features like appointment scheduling and task lists, modern email clients function as comprehensive productivity suites.
Calendar Entries
Importance: Calendar entries offer insights into a person's activities.
File Formats: Look out for .ICS files commonly used for calendar data.
Forensic Analysis: Orphan .ICS files in temporary directories can offer evidence.
Address Books
File Formats: Formats like .WAB, .PAB, .VCF, .MAB, and .NNT are common.
Searchability: Text-based formats are easier to search and analyze.
Task Lists
Storage: Task lists may reside within calendar files in SQLite format with an .SDB extension.
Forensic Analysis: Importing these files into a forensic station can enable detailed analysis.
Corrupted Email Archives
Common Causes: Corruptions can result from client issues, large archives, or out-of-sync files.
Recovery Options: Tools like scanpst.exe can repair corruption, but third-party tools are available, though their trustworthiness varies.
Best Practices: Always document tools used and run them on evidence copies.
Conclusion
Understanding the intricacies of email client data storage is paramount for forensic investigators. By employing the strategies, considerations, and best practices outlined in this guide, investigators can navigate the challenges posed by diverse email clients effectively.
Akash Patel
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